Infantry Class A Uniform Guide
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Army soldiers modelling the class 'B' service uniform in 2008. The Army Service Uniform ( ASU) is a worn by personnel in situations where formal dress is called for. It can be worn at most public and, and as an analog for business dress. In combat situations, the is used. The blue ASU replaced the 'Army Green' and 'Army White' service uniforms. Originally created in 2008 as a secondary uniform to the former army 'class A greens', in the autumn of 2010 it started being issued to all soldiers and now is worn army-wide as the official service uniform. It is based on the older 'dress blue' dress uniform.
Older antecedents include the uniforms of the during the and the 's during the. Their influence is apparent in the overall blue theme, the officers' passants (shoulder-straps) and trouser design. Contents. History Timeline of changes. 1774: Blue coat, with state facing colors, and white waistcoat and breeches or overalls. (Historical Note/Ref: The origin of 'blue' as the primary uniform color is earlier during the Colonial period of the Continental Association or First Continental Congress which met in Philadelphia, PA and adjourned on Oct 26, 1774.) George Washington was the appointed Presiding Officer.
While Washington was in Philadelphia, one hundred neighbors in Fairfax County (VA), under the tutelage of George Mason, had organized themselves into a voluntary militia—probably the first in the colony—electing Washington their commander. Borrowing the colors of the English Whig party, the Fairfax Independent Company wore blue uniforms with buff facings and white stockings. Washington used Thomas Webb’s A Military Treatise on the Appointments of the Army as a guide for outfitting this particular unit. Washington would soon accept the additional field command of another four independent companies: in Prince William, Fauquier, Richmond, and Spotsylvania Counties. 1782: Red facings only with branch of service white (infantry) or yellow (artillery) metal buttons.
1810: French uniform coat with cut-in skirt fastened in front; sleeved roundabout jacket for fatigue and field service. 1813: Uniform coat devoid of buttonhole lace and facing colors. 1821: Congressional confirmation of army wear of national blue; practical gray wool for the winter mud, a tradition of contrasting shades. 1829: frock (full round skirt) coat in place of officer's civilian clothes. 1832: Branch of service cap insignia, gold or silver officer grade insignia on and sky-blue trousers for all but staff and generals.
1835: Shoulder straps, used to hold fringed epaulettes, with, officer grade. 1851: French frock (full skirt) coat only uniform, trimmed in system of branch of service colors. 1854: New waist-length uniform jacket for mounted troops. 1872: Blouse for and field, uniform coat for dress, with epaulettes for. 1881: Dark blue flannel overshirt often in place of blouse on field service. 1885: Sky-blue trousers, aniline dye richer shade than original vegetable dye.
1895: Officer's undress sack coat, with black trim; branch of service insignia and national cypher 'U.S.' On collar, with national eagle on cap. 1902: Olive drab wool and khaki cotton service uniforms introduced; blue retained only for dress, full dress, and special evening dress, trimmed with branch of service color. New patterns of blue full dress and dress uniforms adopted for both officers and enlisted men Leather color changed from black to russet.
The M1902 visored cap is adopted. 1907 and 1912: Minor changes prescribed for 1902 model blue dress and full dress uniforms. 1911: Wool felt M1911 Campaign Hat adopted. Hat cords were in Branch colors for enlisted men, a gold metallic thread and black cord braid for Subaltern and Field Officers, and woven of gold metallic thread for General Officers.
1917: Wearing of blue dress, full dress and mess dress uniforms suspended for the duration of the war. Warrant Officers were authorized a hat cord of silver metallic thread and black cord braid for wear with the M1911 Campaign Hat. The side-folding cloth Overseas Cap was unofficially adopted by AEF personnel in a variety of styles influenced by similar Allied patterns.
1921: The M1911 Campaign Hat was redesigned. 1928: Return of pre-war blue dress uniforms with new visor cap, optional at expense of wearer. 1938: Officer's blue roll-collar coat adopted, with branch of service-color trim and dress belt (from full dress coat). 1939: The side-folding Overseas Cap is universally adopted as the Garrison Cap.
1940: No blue uniform required during emergency (end of ). 1941: The M1911 Campaign Hat is declared Limited Standard.
1947: President note on lack of dress uniform and return of pre-war pattern; evening dress uniform cuff with single gold lace and insignia of grade. 1953: Post-war officer and EM pattern with patch pockets; no traditional branch of service color trim on EM uniform and officers' trousers stripes. 1954: Official adoption of the Army green Class 'A' uniform. 1956: Distinctive uniform for bands and. Leather color changed from russet to black.
1957: Women's army blue uniform same cut as 1951 Taupe-121 uniform. 1959: Army blue uniforms for year-round wear. 1962: Women's army blue same as army green uniform, with new service hat. 1963: Mandatory possession of officer's army blue uniform. 1972: Officers' mess jacket cuff ornamentation simplified to resemble that of 1947 evening dress (grade insignia replaced branch insignia; single strand of gold lace replaced multiple ones which previously showed grade). 2008: the new blue army service uniform (ASU) is introduced for optional wear by soldiers. 2010: blue ASU issued to all soldiers, beginning in autumn.
2015: Army green Class 'A' uniform officially retired; blue ASU worn army-wide after October 1. Details In the early days of the U.S. Army, the uniform worn in combat was essentially the same as that worn for everyday duties. This was the common practice with most armies of the time. This changed in modern times, as field uniforms were developed which were more suited for battle. Further information: During the Civil War era, army uniforms were relatively simple.
Typically, the same uniform served as a garrison uniform and as a combat uniform. Combat soldiers in the wore a standard dark blue coat, just like personnel in garrisons or in army offices and headquarters. In the first half of the war, many states supplied their regiments with uniforms, resulting in distinctive jackets and buttons. Rank was indicated by a shoulder strap for officers, and chevrons on the sleeves for non-commissioned officers. Branch or specialty could be indicated by the color of the enlisted badge of rank, or the background color for officers' shoulder straps. Uniform standards were relaxed during the war years, especially on campaign, and men often wore a variety of hats in the field.
The 1899 Army Uniform Regulations provided for a cotton khaki uniform for field service, drawing on the experience of the Spanish–American War when both blue and drab clothing had been worn. From 1902 to 1917, the army had two uniforms: a service uniform of wool olive drab Melton cloth for use by soldiers in the field, and a blue dress uniform used for ceremonies and off-post wear by enlisted men. Lieutenant General, the Quartermaster General, looking back in 1946, pointed out that World War I uniforms had subtly changed from a comfortable loose-fitting four pocket field garment to a tight-fitting version suitable only for garrison wear.
At the outbreak of World War II, the army had to develop new loose-fitting patterns which the men could live in, as well as muster on the parade ground. Gregory noted that this gradual change to a tight-fitting uniform in peacetime has been characteristic of the history of uniforms in all armies. Around 1940, soldiers began to use special uniforms designed for combat or field operations, with numerous special equipment and packs. The was one of the first clothing items which was approved specifically for use in the field, and which was not meant to be part of a standard service uniform. After this, service uniforms started to become more elaborate, as they were not needed to be useful in combat, and could take on a unique appearance, with new features and embellishments. Units began to display their own special patches, and were added for various specialties.
Among the earliest unit patches was for the. This unit trained at, South Carolina. They created patches showing a wildcat, so that they could identify each other quickly in combat. Some officers questioned this, but General decided it was a good idea, so the army started to implement it for all units. The first commendation ever used by the U.S.
Military was the original, designed personally. It was originally a medal for valor, and at the time was the only one issued by the U.S.
It fell out of use after the American Revolution but was later revived and became the modern commendation for wounds in battle, which is how it is used today. World War I was the first time that the army began to award a variety of, except for the Medal of Honor, which was first awarded during the Civil War. The and the were created in 1943 by the.
Infantry Class A Uniform Setup
The combat infantryman badge was originally awarded for valor in combat. In 1947, every soldier who earned it was given a, and since then, it is awarded for having participated in ground combat. Current dress/service uniform. An ARNG sergeant in 2012 wearing the enlisted version of the ASU.
History The Army currently uses the blue Army Service Uniform. Surgical technologist programs. According to Army Regulation 670-1: Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia, Army White, and Army Blue uniforms are considered Dress Uniforms. The Army Service Uniform seeks to combine these distinctions through wear stipulations. Possession and use of the blue ASU is now mandatory for all soldiers as of October 1, 2015, when the green class A was retired.
As of fall 2010, enlisted soldiers receive the blue service uniform as part of their basic clothing bag issue when they enter the army during initial entry training. The army further provides active-duty enlisted soldiers an annual clothing allowance to maintain proper fit and appearance of their basic clothing bag issue items.
The army includes a series of stipends in this annual clothing allowance towards the replacement of the green service uniform and all basic clothing bag items. Commissioned officers are given a one-time stipend when commissioned to purchase their required uniform items.
Officers then maintain proper fit and appearance of their uniform items throughout their career. The army requires officers to purchase and maintain only the blue service uniform. To streamline the number of uniforms soldiers purchase and maintain throughout their careers, the army has phased out the green and white service uniforms and retained the blue service uniform as the army service uniform. The ASU was announced in 2006 by then-, and will serve as the 's dress, garrison, and ceremonial uniform.
Since the new army uniform is now standard, the only green uniform remaining in the U.S. Military are the olive green. The ASU made its 'debut' at the, when General Schoomaker wore his army blue uniform. The ASU used the preexisting 'army blue' uniform as a model. Accordingly, in terms of color the ASU resembles the campaign uniforms worn by soldiers during the, and the prior to the introduction of khaki uniforms in the 1890s (phased out in 1985) and olive drab uniforms in 1902 (phased out and replaced with 'army green' between 1955 and 1957), making the blue uniform a dress uniform.
Dress uniforms of dark-blue tunics and light-blue trousers were worn by all ranks until 1917 and reintroduced in a modernized form (with open collar and tie) for officers and warrant officers in 1937. Description The ASU includes a midnight blue coat and low waist trousers for male soldiers; and a midnight blue coat, slacks and skirt for female soldiers. The fabric for the ASU is heavier and more wrinkle resistant than previously manufactured uniforms and will consist of 55% wool and 45% polyester material. The ASU coat has a tailored, athletic cut to improve uniform fit and appearance. The ASU includes an improved heavier and wrinkle resistant short and long-sleeved white shirt with permanent military creases and shoulder loops. The version replaces the white shirt with the prototype grey shirt and gold braid is not worn on the blue trousers or on the sleeves of the class A coat. Compared to the Army's previous uniforms, the ASU does not include a garrison cap; soldiers will continue to wear the Army's berets.
The army encourages soldiers and leaders who own the current army blue uniform to wear it, when appropriate, as their dress, class 'A', or class 'B' Uniform. The fielding of the new uniform policy establishes a class 'B' uniform category for the current army blue uniform as part of its bridging strategy. The class 'B' uniform category defines those ASU items worn without the service coat. Dress ASU The dress blue ASU for males includes the blue coat and trousers and a long-sleeved white shirt with black tie. The dress blue ASU for females includes the blue coat, skirt, and a long-sleeved white shirt with black neck tab. Currently, females in army bands, honor guards, and female chaplains are authorized to wear army blue slacks in the performance of their duties.
The black beret and service cap are authorized for wear with this uniform. Combat boots and organizational items, such as brassards, military police accessories and distinctive unit insignia are not worn. All other accessories and insignia authorized for wear with the class 'A' service uniform are authorized for wear on the dress blue ASU. Evening social events When the dress blue ASU is worn for social events in the evening (i.e. After retreat), men may wear a black bow tie rather than a black four-in-hand necktie, and commanders may direct that headgear is not required. ALARACT 202/2008 specifies that the 'dress blue ASU' for men includes a 'black bowtie.'
It makes no mention of the black four-in-hand necktie in connection with the 'dress blue ASU.' Since, according to paragraph 10 of the same ALARACT and paragraph 27-19a of AR 670-1, the bow tie is worn only after retreat, this text suggests that the 'dress blue ASU' is not conceived of as a uniform order for the daytime, that the 'dress blue ASU' for males is not an all-hours uniform including an evening variant with bow tie, and that the 'class A ASU' is the highest order of dress for daytime wear. Class 'A' ASU The class 'A' ASU includes the army blue coat and trousers/skirt/slacks, a short or long sleeved white shirt and four-in-hand necktie (male)/neck tab (female) (for accessories and other items authorized for wear on the class 'A' ASU, see ASU accessory items authorized for wear). New blue ASU class 'A' uniform with jump boots. This uniform also exists in the army JROTC program in a modified version. The main difference is that the AJROTC version mostly resembles the original trial version of the army service uniform which consisted of a grey, long or short sleeved shirt and the blue trousers without the gold stripe sewn on. The blue class A coat is exactly the same as the current issue coat except that the gold edge trimming is not worn on the sleeves of the blue coat, the main blue shade of army blue 450 is the same as on the current army service uniform and the official headgear authorized is the grey beret with a black center flash with gold trim.
The official designation of the uniform is the 'AJROTC cadet service uniform,' or The ASU as well. The new cadet army service uniform will completely replace the cadet army green uniform by October 2015.
Most AJROTC units possessed the new blue uniform by October 2014. Class 'B' ASU. New blue ASU class 'B' uniform with jump boots. The class 'B' ASU includes the army blue trousers/skirt/slacks, a short or long sleeve white shirt. Soldiers will wear the four-in-hand necktie with the long sleeve white shirt when it is worn without the class 'A' coat. Until the new ASU items are available, soldiers who have the low waist trousers with belt loops, or slacks, have the option of wearing a commercial short sleeve white shirt with shoulder loops in the open collar configuration or with a four-in-hand necktie (black neck tab for female soldiers).
Soldiers have the option of wearing a commercial long sleeve white shirt with shoulder loops and a four-in-hand necktie (black neck tab for female soldiers). Soldiers who have the current commercial white shirt without shoulder loops must wear as appropriate, the black wind breaker, black pullover or black cardigan sweaters with this uniform. Soldiers who have the high waist blue trousers worn with suspenders (designed to wear with the blue mess uniform) may wear these trousers with the current ASU during this transition period.
These high waist trousers must be worn with the service coat, black wind breaker, black pullover or black cardigan sweaters. Chernow, Ron (5 October 2010). Retrieved 30 October 2012.
Chernow, p.174. Randy Steffen. The Horse Soldier, Vol.
Jacques Noel Jacobsen, Sections 29 and 30, 'Regulations and Notes for the Uniform of the Army of the United States 1902. Jacques Noel Jacobsen, Parts I & II, 'Regulations and Notes for the Uniform of the Army of the United States 1912. Randy Steffen. The Horse Soldier, Vol. ^ AR 670-1, Wear and Appearance of the Army Uniform Insignia. Philip Haythornthwaite, plates 1-33, Uniforms of the Civil War,. Randy Steffen, page 69 Volume III, 'The Horse Soldier 1776-1943'.
^ 2008-04-17 at the., 1952, Dr. Kennedy, The Quartermaster Review, January/February 1952, Army Clothing History page, Army Quartermaster Foundation, Inc. Website, accessed 4-9-08. Hwang, Tiffany US Army Field Jacket Development in Response to Material Shortages and the Exigencies of World War II in Momentum Vol 1 Issue 1 Article 3 18 April 2012.
December 12, 2007, at the., by Lee Berry, Univ. Of Mississippi.
November 1, 2013, at the. Archived from (PDF) on 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2014-05-06. ALARACT 202/2008.
This is a brief presentation designed to show some of the basic types of uniforms worn by U.S. Army soldiers. A couple of the more common specialist's uniforms are also included. It is not a complete display of all uniform types, but should give guidance in identifying the general appearance and key elements of Army uniforms of the era. Summer Fatigue Uniform A loose fitting jacket, trouser, and hat combo made of herringbone twill weave that was worn for chore work.
The green HBT uniform replaced blue denim uniforms used for the same purpose. Fitted large, the jacket and trousers were often worn over other garments for protective purposes. The hat was later dropped in favor of a cap. Tropical Combat Uniform This is the same herringbone twill weave uniform shown in figure 1 except worn with the protective M-1 helmet. The HBT fatigue uniform did double duty as a warm weather/tropical combat uniform for lack of a better alternative.
Summer Service Uniform Cotton khaki shirt and trouser combo worn in warm and tropical climates. Early uniforms included a brimmed hat. The shirt could be worn with a tie as shown, or with an open collar.
Enlisted Men's shirts did not have shoulder loops. Class B Field Uniform Wool shirt and trouser combo worn in temperate weather conditions. Note the shirt collar is worn open for field wear. Laced khaki canvas leggings were worn to protect trouser and shoe openings. Later, the combat service boot with integral two buckle leather leggings appeared to replace this system. Temperate Zone Combat Field Uniform This is the wool shirt & trouser combo shown in figure 4 with the addition of a field jacket worn for warmth. Beginning in 1941, the olive drab field jacket replaced the wool service coat for campaigning.
The field jacket concept was vastly improved with the introduction of the M-1943 Field Jacket - see figure 6. M-1943 Combat Field Uniform Water & wind resistant jacket and over-trousers for combat field wear.
Note the jacket's longer length, darker color, and greater pocket area than the field jacket shown in figure 5. This jacket was much more durable and offered better protection against the elements than the old.
Field Uniform with Winter Coat Wool shirt and trouser combo worn with a heavy, blanket lined mackinaw coat for warmth. Early versions of this coat had a waist belt and shawl collar. Note the coat's light color; later this was darkened to olive drab shade 7, the shade of the jacket shown in figure 6, for better concealment qualities. This man also wears the knit wool cap, which was worn alone or under the M-1 steel helmet in cold weather. Field Uniform with Winter Overcoat Pictured is a heavy, full-length overcoat worn for maximum protection from the cold.
It had a partial lining and relied on heavy 32 ounce melton wool to provide warmth. By 1944 the overcoat was replaced for field use by more advanced designs. Nevertheless, in 1944-45 it was pressed into combat in the ETO due to clothing shortages. The large double row of buttons, bearing the seal of the United States, were either gilt bronze or in later examples made of plastic to conserve metal. Winter Combat Field Uniform A three-piece uniform consisting of a jacket, overalls, and helmet. Construction consisted of a water repellent cotton twill outer and heavy wool lining. The jacket had an elastic collar, cuffs, and waistband to keep the wind out and retain body warmth.
This uniform was originally developed for tank crews. Because of its warmth, the jacket became a popular item, being acquired and worn by all types of troops. Ski Uniform This Ski Trooper wears the fur-trimmed reversible parka and white ski trousers for camouflage. Made of wind resistant and water repellent poplin, the parka was a pull over with a green side and a white side for camouflage in surrounding terrain. Mechanics Uniform A one-piece protective suit made of herringbone twill. These suits evolved with several different pocket arrangements and appearances. They were worn by various troops whenever the nature of work exposed their regular clothing to excessive soiling or tearing surfaces.
Parachute Jumper Uniform A two-piece uniform consisting of coat and trousers to be worn over other clothing. The coat had 4 large expanding pleat pockets and an integral belt, while the trousers had two large, flapped cargo pockets on the side of each leg. The cotton twill used to construct this uniform proved to be too light for its intended purpose. As a result, to prevent tearing, these uniforms were often reinforced with elbow and knee pads, as well as pocket edging. Jungle Combat Uniform Depicted is a complete jungle uniform showing the camouflage one-piece suit, mosquito net helmet cover, mosquito protective gloves, and canvas boots. In use, the one-piece suit proved too hot and cumbersome to be effective for tropical combat use.
Therefore, it failed to replace the two-piece herringbone twill uniform shown in figure 2. Officer's Summer Service Uniform A cotton khaki shirt and trouser combo for wear in warm & tropical climates. Similar in appearance to the Enlisted Man's uniform in figure 3, the officer's uniform can be identified by the shirt's shoulder loops and the trouser's rear pocket flaps (not shown). Officer's Winter Service Uniform The Army officer's winter service uniform was very distinctive for its 'Chocolate' colored wool olive drab shade 51 jacket and contrasting 'pink' drab shade wool trousers. Note the integral cloth belt; in early 1942 the Army switched to this belt from the leather Sam Browne belt and shoulder strap.
MORE ABOUT THESE IMAGES These uniform images are from a pamphlet entitled 'How to Recognize the Armed Forces of the United States'. It was published in the French language and was intended to help Europeans readily identify United States servicemen through illustrations of the uniforms they were wearing. Also included were close-ups of insignia worn by the Army, Navy, and Marines. It was produced and distributed in the 1940's by the War Department Office of the United States Government. Period materials are a good source of information to help understand and view accurate images of the uniforms and clothing worn by U.S. Troops during WWII. These types of materials were plentiful during the time.
As millions of men and women joined or were drafted into the armed services, all types of publications appeared to help citizens recognize and identify the various uniforms. There were magazine and newspaper articles, numerous small inexpensive books, and official publications, such as this, all to help the citizenry know who was who. These publications can still be easily found today in antique malls, resale shops, and online auctions. The front and back covers of this pamphlet appear to the left and right respectively.